Biological processes depend on the intricate functions of proteins, which serve as the driving force in vital reactions. Given the importance of proteins in biological processes, several methods have been developed to control their functions in biomaterial and in vitro. Current methods often rely on secondary fixatives and caustic chemicals, posing risks of functional impairment in target proteins. To address these limitations, my project focuses on modifying cells with non-endogenous machinery, enabling expression of photoactivatable proteins – those with photocaged amino acids installed at essential locations, and using them to optically stimulate protein function. This strategy enables the triggered activation of target proteins with light, mitigating the risks associated with chemical interventions. We predict that the degree of protein activation can be controlled in a dose-dependent manner by manipulating light exposure duration and intensity. Genetic code expansion is used to integrate noncanonical amino acids, site specifically, into proteins expressed in bacteria and mammalian cells. By incorporating these photoactivatable proteins into biomaterials and living cells, our research aims to gain insights into fundamental cell signaling processes through control of targeted proteins. By analyzing biological mechanisms at the molecular level, we can guide cell processes and make informed decisions regarding cellular behavior and fates.