Information from rods and cones influences color vision because all signals travel on the same neural pathways. We are studying the rod effects on hue for small foveal stimuli compared with those of large peripheral stimuli in order to understand the neural mechanisms of rod influence on small foveal stimuli. Using a CRT display, we measured the rod hue biases that shift the balance point of the four unique hues (red, green, blue, yellow) at low light levels for foveal stimuli of varying sizes: 0.5°, 1°, and 2° diameters, and compared them to results for large peripheral stimuli. We are assessing the reliability of rod hue biases across subjects. So far, we have data on three observers, and more in progress. The hypothesis that direct stimulation of adjacent rods and cones is needed to produce rod hue biases predicts that we would not find foveal effects because there are few rods in the fovea. Results so far vary among observers, both in the specific unique hues that show rod effects, and in the dependence of these effects on stimulus size. For one observer, all rod hue biases disappear for stimuli smaller than 2° diameter. For two other observers, some specific rod hue biases persist for the smaller sizes. In addition, the pattern of rod effects for specific unique hues does not match for foveal and peripheral stimuli. These results suggest that, at least for some observers, foveal rod hue biases are mediated by neural interactions acting laterally across the retina. Further testing will address alternative explanations based on differential eye movements and attempt to understand the basis for foveal-peripheral differences. These results will allow for greater understanding of the rod influences on the fovea and of neural mechanisms of color vision.